Platelet-Rich Plasma Impact on Healing of Experimentally Induced Full-Thickness Skin Wound in Adult Male Albino Rats: Histological and Immunohistochemical Study

Document Type : Original articles

Authors

Histology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt

Abstract

Background: Failure to restore normal skin in slowly healed wounds as deep ones is a major health problem induced by deficient therapies. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is widely applied in different surgeries, diseases, regenerative medicine and skin youth rejuvenator. Aim of work: Evaluating PRP healing capabilities in experimentally full-thickness skin wound model in adult male rats. Materials & Methods: included 32 male albino rats (~3months,~200g); 8 for PRP preparation and 24 were subjected to full-thickness wound then divided equally into wounded-rat (group-I) and wounded-rat/PRP (group-II). Each was subdivided into two subgroups [Ia, Ib] &[IIa, IIb] according to their sacrifice at days 5 &14. Biochemical [platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) &transforming growth factor (TGF)-β], histological, immunohistochemical [vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), interleukin (IL)-1α &CD-163] and statistical studies were done. Results: Skin PDGF, TGF-β levels and VEGF area-percent were increased in subgroups Ia &IIa versus control specimens and decreased in subgroups Ib &IIb versus Ia &IIa respectively. Subgroup Ia showed lost epidermis, numerous congested blood vessels, inflammatory cell infiltrate and absent skin appendages. In subgroup IIa the epidermis appeared with no skin appendages. Subgroup Ib illustrated epidermis, congested blood vessels, numerous inflammatory cells and no skin appendages. Subgroup IIb revealed apparently normal skin histological structure. Significantly increased IL-1α and non-significantly increased CD-163 were recorded versus control sections in all subgroups except subgroup IIb. Conclusion: PRP could accelerate full-thickness wound healing and prevent scar formation via its anti-inflammatory and angiogenic abilities. besides, it promotes re-epithelialization, keratinocytes proliferation & proper collagen fibers arrangement.

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Main Subjects

References

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