Evaluation of CD68 as a marker of Activity in Lupus Glomerulonephritis, (Immunohistochemical study)

Document Type : Original articles

Authors

Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Egypt

Abstract

Lupus nephritis (LN) is a serious complication that occurs in 50% of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. Classification of LN is very crucial for management of patients, active LN patients need effective immunosuppressive agents and are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Detection of activity, especially endocapillary hypercellularity, is crucial for classification of LN cases. Cluster of differentiation 68 (CD68) is a highly glycosylated lysosomal transmembrane protein normally expressed by macrophage. CD68 is predominantly expressed in late endosomes and lysosomes of mononuclear phagocyte lineage. It is a marker for cells of the macrophage lineage, including monocytes, histiocytes, giant cells, Kupffer cells, osteoclasts and their precursors. The aim of our work is to evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of CD68 in biopsies from LN patients. Ninety LN cases were included, (63) cases were active LN (70% of all cases) including 44 cases of class IV and 19 of class III. The main activity parameter among active LN cases was the endocapillary hypercellularity (detected in 94% of active LN cases) followed by neutrophilic infiltrate (detected in 68% of cases). The highest median of maximum CD68 +ve cells in a single glomerulus per biopsy was detected among class IV and III cases. The number of glomerular CD68 +ve cells was significantly correlated with endocapillary hypercellularity (P< 0.001).

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References

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